Active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer is a structured monitoring strategy that delays or avoids treatment unless the cancer shows signs of progression.

Typical follow-up includes:

-PSA testing: every 6 months

-Digital rectal exam (DRE): every 12 months

-Prostate biopsy: typically within 12–18 months after diagnosis, then every 2–5 years depending on risk factors and findings

-Multiparametric MRI: may be used periodically, especially if biopsy findings are ambiguous

If there is evidence of grade progression, rapid PSA rise, or increased tumor volume, curative treatment like surgery or radiation may be recommended.