Cabazitaxel is a chemotherapy agent used in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), particularly in men whose disease has progressed after treatment with docetaxel. It belongs to the taxane class, like docetaxel, but is less affected by resistance mechanisms, making it effective even in previously treated patients.

It is administered by IV infusion, typically every 3 weeks, often alongside prednisone. The TROPIC trial demonstrated that cabazitaxel improves overall survival and progression-free survival in mCRPC post-docetaxel. Side effects include neutropenia, fatigue, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy, and it requires careful monitoring, especially in older or frail patients. It is considered a standard second-line chemotherapy option after docetaxel failure.